The LOS is an apparently straight line because light waves are subject to changes in direction due to refraction, diffraction, and reflection in the same way as RF frequencies. The following figure illustrates LOS.
Fresnel Zone
A consideration when planning or troubleshooting an RF link is the Fresnel Zone. The Fresnel Zone occupies a series of concentric ellipsoid-shaped areas around the LOS path, as can be seen in the following figure.
Intentional Radiator
As defined by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC), an intentional radiator is an RF device that is specifically designed to generate and radiate RF signals. In terms of hardware, an intentional radiator will include the RF device and all cabling and connectors up to, but not including, the antenna, as illustrated in Figure below.
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